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Ball screws achieve precise linear motion in transmission systems. To ensure efficient and stable operation, they must be used with a variety of accessories. Common ball screw accessories include couplings, nut housings, support housings, nuts, and motor housings. They play a crucial role in structural installation and transmission accuracy.
1. Coupling
A coupling connects the ball screw shaft end to the output shaft of a servo motor or stepper motor. It compensates for axial, radial, and angular misalignment, absorbs vibration, and reduces transmission error. Common types include elastic couplings, plum blossom couplings, and bellows couplings. High-quality couplings ensure smooth and precise screw transmission.
2. Nut Housing
A nut housing secures the nut portion of a ball screw, ensuring its secure installation on a workbench or mobile platform. Its primary function is to support the nut, withstand axial loads, and maintain precise coaxiality between the nut and the screw. Common materials include aluminum alloy or steel.
3. Support Unit
The support unit secures and supports both ends of the ball screw and is typically divided into a fixed end (BK, FK types) and a support end (BF, FF types). The fixed end houses a high-precision angular contact bearing, providing axial positioning and load bearing, while the support end maintains rotational freedom, ensuring smooth screw rotation.
4. Ball Nut
The nut is a core component of the ball screw, converting rotational motion into linear motion via recirculating balls. Different nut styles (such as flange, cylindrical, and double-nut preload) accommodate varying installation spaces and precision requirements. Nut preload and clearance control directly impact positioning accuracy and rigidity.
5. Motor Bracket / Motor Mount
The motor mount secures the drive motor and connects it to the ball screw assembly. It ensures alignment between the motor and screw axes, preventing vibration and noise caused by eccentricity. A high-precision motor mount contributes to the stable operation of the entire transmission system.
The performance of a ball screw system depends not only on the machining accuracy of the screw body but also on the proper configuration and installation of its accessories. Proper selection of couplings, support brackets, nut brackets, and motor brackets can significantly improve the system's transmission accuracy, stability, and service life.